Sorry, I haven’t done much research on those jobs, so can’t really give you an intelligent comment here. But in general, compliance requirements will only increase over time as the industry consolidates, so they’re quite good if you like the work or at least can tolerate it. The main downside is that you’ll rarely be able to move into front-office/investing positions from compliance.

It’s fine if you want to stay in passive investing for the long term. But the point is that it would be difficult to move from Vanguard to, say, a hedge fund or any other fund that does more than passive investing. I’m also a bit skeptical that passive investing will “take over” any more than it already has, as it’s largely linked to central bank policies, which will not last forever.

You need much more capital and more of a track record.

Why is it more difficult to start your own fund now compared to the early 2000’s

It’s not “dead” but it is getting more difficult to start your own fund.

Do you think the hedge fund industry is dead? Is it impossible to start your own fund now a days?

When you first start, the firm’s money. But as you advance, you’ll have to contribute some of your personal net worth to the firm in most cases, which means you’re at risk losing it if things go poorly.